SOD3 and susceptibility to pneumonia measurement: To evaluate the effect of the SOD3 p.R231G genotype on comorbidity, we compared medical history including DM, stroke, coronary heart disease (CHD), CKD, and pneumonia among SOD3 p.R231G genotypes between the SOD3 p.R231G non-carriers and heterozygotes in the entire, Very Old, and Centenarians cohorts (Fig. 2).