TGFB1 and cerebral atherosclerosis: The findings displayed that compared with healthy individuals, the expression of miR-503-5p and TGF-β1 was increased at different degrees in patients with coronary atherosclerosis, cerebral atherosclerosis, peripheral atherosclerosis, combined coronary atherosclerosis and peripheral atherosclerosis, and combined cerebral atherosclerosis with peripheral atherosclerosis, while the expression of smad7, smurf1, and smurf2 was decreased at different degrees (p < 0.05) (Figure 1A, 1B), which showed a certain linear correlation (Figure 1C).