For example, exosomes derived by breast cancer cells can regulate multiple molecules and signaling pathways in receptor cells by carrying miR-155, miR-21, miR-1246 and other cargo, including TGF-β/Smad signaling, Mef2c-β-Catenin, etc., which mediate tumor cell proliferation, metastasis and radio/chemoresistance (13). Here, TGFB1 is linked to neoplasm.