CCND1 and cancer: Activation of Akt increases the transcription of cyclin D1, and PKCζ controls the association of Ras GTPase to the mERα/Src/PI3-K complex, inducing the Raf/MEK/ERK pathway, favoring the translocation of ERK to the nucleus and the consequent release of p27 outside the nucleus, stimulating the G1 to S transition of the cancer cells (65) (Figure 3A).