Furthermore, 16 (51.6%) target genes were significantly overexpressed in ALDHhigh cells in the early stages (PTTG1, TOP2A, CEP55, BIRC5, TK1, ASPM, CDK1, PRC1, CDKN3, DLGAP5, FOXM1, NUSAP1, CENPM, CDCA8, DTL, and CENPF), and 9 (29.0%) genes in locally advanced stages of NSCLC were overexpressed (PTTG1, KIF20A, PLK1, CDK1, C18orf24, ASF1B, CDCA8, FOXM1, and CDCA3). Here, CDKN3 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.