TNF and alcoholic liver diseases: miR-155 is highly expressed in alcohol-exposed RAW 264.7 macrophages, isolated hepatocytes and Kupffer cells of alcohol fed mice (Bala et al., 2011; Bala & Szabo, 2012); and its high level in macrophages magnifies the production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) (Bala et al., 2011), which is the important mediator of hepatic steatosis, inflammation and liver cell death in alcoholic liver disease.