Pituitary adenylate cyclase–activating polypeptide (PACAP), operating through the Gs/Gq protein–coupled PAC1 receptor (PAC1R) (Pisegna and Wank, 1996), is an upstream regulator of CRH that innervates CRH neurons in the BSTov, where it contributes to increased anxiety states and can activate the HPA axis (for review, see Lebow and Chen, 2016). The gene discussed is CRH; the disease is Anxiety.