In contrast to LGG, high grade gliomas harbor a distinct molecular landscape and are enriched in tumor protein 53 (TP53), cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A), alpha-thalassemia/mental retardation, X-linked (ATRX) and telomerase reverse rranscriptase (TERT) alterations as well as in the chromatin regulation and PI3K pathway alterations [39, 50–52]. The gene discussed is TP53; the disease is alpha thalassemia spectrum.