TNF and Alzheimer disease: The pattern of enhanced neuroinflammation of the APOE4 AD brains observed in this study does not support the induction of the NF-ĸB inflammasome by cytokines or chemokines such as TNFα, IL1β, IL6, and Ccl2, as past findings supporting these activation patterns were mostly a result of high-dose LPS injections in cell culture and in vivo animal models (summarized in Table 2).