TNF and neoplasm: Similar results were obtained for 4T1 cell-derived tumor-bearing BALB/c mice, further indicating that treatment with a local CAER could enhance neoantigen-specific T cell responses (4T1-M8 treatment induced increases in IFN-γ/TNF-α levels of 3.04%/4.67% in CD8+ T cells and 1.24%/1.89% in CD4+ T cells; for 4T1-M17, the increases were 2.00%/2.47% and 1.31%/1.68%, respectively; and for 4T1-M27, the respective increases were 0.75%/2.46% and 1.10%/1.91%) (Figures 6G–L).