However, our data do not necessarily rule out the pathogenic role these cytokines may play in MS, because CSF levels of some were close to the detection limit of the applied assays (i.e., IL17F, LIF, and IL1β), while those with CSF levels clearly above the detection limits (i.e., GM-CSF and TRAIL) could have been consumed by activated immune cells. This evidence concerns the gene CSF2 and myeloid sarcoma.