SOCS1 and ischemia reperfusion injury: Cheng et al. suggested that DM-αKG produced by glutaminolysis could switch the polarization of M1 macrophages to M2 macrophages in Kupffer cells, which exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting NF-κB activity and increasing the phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (p-GSK3β) and the expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) during the prevention and alleviation of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) [40].