Therefore, the aim of this exploratory retrospective study was to evaluate whether whole tumor HA of ADC profiles has the ability to i) differentiate WHO grade III anaplastic astrocytoma from WHO grade IV glioblastoma, to ii) estimate the proliferative potential of the neoplasms represented by the Ki-67 proliferation index and to iii) predict the prognostic relevant MGMT (methylguanine-DNA methyl-transferase) promotor methylation status. The gene discussed is MGMT; the disease is anaplastic astrocytoma.