The development of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) represents considerable progress for the treatment of lung cancer, and they are now recognized first-line treatments for NSCLC patients who have activating EGFR mutations (within exon 19 and the L858R missense mutation within exon 21) [3]. The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.