Exogenous addition of recombinant human TNF increased contraction of fibroblasts from people with Dupuytren disease but not in control tissues,32 and isolated cells from Dupuytren nodules secreted TNF at concentrations (mean ± SD, 78 ± 26 pg/mL) necessary for differentiation of palmar dermal fibroblasts into myofibroblasts.32 The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is Dupuytren Contracture.