In our previous studies, we found that serum levels of autoantibodies against BMI-1, HSP70, MMP-7, NY-ESO-1, p53 and PRDX6 were all significantly elevated in sera of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma patients, compared to controls 16, 17. This evidence concerns the gene TP53 and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma.