This finding was then validated in the validation cohort, as the biomarker panel yielded a better result with an AUC=0.81 (95% CI, 0.76-0.85) for predicting early-stage lung cancer, better than CA125, CEA or Cyfra21-1 alone [Fig. 4B, biomarker panel (AUC=0.81) vs. CA125 (AUC=0.70), P<0.001; biomarker panel (AUC=0.81) vs. Cyfra21-1 (AUC=0.65), P<0.001; biomarker panel (AUC=0.81) vs. CEA (AUC=0.62), P<0.0001]. This evidence concerns the gene CEACAM5 and lung cancer.