TGFB1 and renal fibrosis: Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge could inhibit renal fibrosis induced by HgCl2, streptozotocin, and 5/6 nephrectomy, as well as HK-2 cells triggered by TGF-β1, which were related to the regulation of the TGF-β1/Smads pathway (Wang et al., 2010; Lee et al., 2011; Pan et al., 2011; Wang et al., 2015b).