MAOB and Alzheimer disease: PET imaging of astrocytes using a monoamine oxidase B inhibitor, 11C-deuterium-L-deprenyl (11C-DED), has shown elevated astrocytosis in early AD and MCI brains as well (Carter et al., 2012), highlighting the potential use of inflammatory biomarkers as a diagnostic tools, and the use of anti-inflammatory or immunomodulating drugs as a therapy for AD.