TNF and major depressive disorder: Interestingly, several antidepressants seem to have anti-inflammatory effects, which might contribute to their effectiveness; for instance, fluoxetine (Prozac) and citalopram (Celexa), the top-most prescribed SSRI for depression, have been observed to decrease TNF-α levels in patients, and have been successful in treating inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis in preclinical studies (Sacre et al., 2010; Almeida et al., 2020).