It helps tissue perfusion and produces antifibrotic tissue-safeguarding effects in ureteral obstruction as a type of renal fibrosis (Nishida et al., 2012). It has also been reported that apelin inhibited renal dysfunction in adenine-induced chronic renal failure in rats (Abul-fadle, Saied & Musa, 2018) and podocyte autophagy in diabetes (Liu, Zhang & Wang, 2017). The gene discussed is APLN; the disease is renal fibrosis.