A recent ex vivo study showed that treatment of macrophages obtained from T2DM patients with the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor empagliflozin significantly inhibited IL-1β secretion, which was accompanied by increased levels of serum β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB).184 Given the inhibitory functions of BHB on NLRP3 inflammasome activity,185 these data suggest that NLRP3 inflammasome activation is regulated by ketone bodies. The gene discussed is SLC5A2; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.