Patient data—including gender, age, BMI, daily physical activity levels and underlying diseases (diabetes mellitus, cerebrovascular disease, Herat failure, COPD, chronic kidney disease, and hepatic disease), smoking history, laboratory data (white blood cell concentration, hemoglobin, serum albumin, C-reactive protein, liver enzymes, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine), sputum information (smear grade, results of sputum culture, and time to negative conversion), and presence of respiratory failure—were obtained from medical records. The gene discussed is ALB; the disease is respiratory failure.