CD274 and lung carcinoma: In our study, we found that the human PD-L1 gene in various lung cancer tissues and cell lines produced a non-coding isoform, NR_052005.1 or PD-L1-lnc, which was missing 106 nt in exon 4 and 67 nt between exon 5 and 6 by alternative splicing (Fig. 3a).