Given that the production of PD-L1-lnc in lung cancer cells is not dependent upon PD-L1 protein expression and that depletion of PD-L1-lnc markedly suppresses tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo, depleting tumor cell PD-L1-lnc may provide a novel anti-tumor therapeutic approach in addition to PD-L1 blockade. Here, CD274 is linked to lung cancer.