ADIPOR1 and Alzheimer disease: Herein, we hypothesize that novel Os-pep acts as an adiponectin-mimetic peptide to activate AdipoR1/AMPK signaling and subsequently rescue aberrant neuronal metabolism by reducing neuronal insulin resistance and activating downstream insulin signaling, which leads to improvements in synaptic and memory functions in AD and adiponectin knockout (Adipo−/−) mice.