Several signaling pathways, including TGF-β, Wnt/B-catenin, Hh, Notch, EGF, HGF, VEFG, JAK/STAT, Hippo, and HIF are dis-regulated in HCC and lead to uncontrolled cell division and metastasis (Fig. 1). This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and hepatocellular carcinoma.