The strong correlation between PD‐L1 on tumour cells and the extent of CD8+ T‐cell infiltration in NSCLC is most likely due to transcriptional regulation in response to inflammatory signals, such as IFN‐γ, that are produced by an active anti‐tumour immune response (Figure 1) [12, 13]. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.