One study reported increasing number of hyper methylation-positive urine samples (for ≥ 1/4 genes: DAPK1, RARB, TWIST, CDH13) according to lesion severity (4% CIN0/1, 28% CIN2/3/carcinoma in situ, and 62% invasive cervix carcinoma)32. Here, RARB is linked to in situ carcinoma.