CCL11 and rheumatoid arthritis: The levels of CCL11 in the serum from RA patients (n = 26) were higher than those in the serum from healthy controls (HCs) (n = 28) (mean ± SEM: 86.4 ± 7.0 pg/mL and 54.2 ± 7.5 pg/mL, respectively, p < 0.05, Fig. 1A).