The present study firstly reported that a higher level of maternal plasma taurine in the first trimester was significantly associated with an increased insulin secretion evaluated by HOMA-β index and with a lower GDM risk in multiparas other than in primiparas, suggesting that maternal plasma taurine in early pregnancy may be a fair indicator of secretion function of β-cells and also a potential predictor of GDM development in multiparas, not primiparas. This evidence concerns the gene INS and gestational diabetes.