Unlike a recent report that linked AD progression to the reduction of anti-inflammatory B1a cells in 5×FAD mice42, the numbers of B1a and B1b cells in PB, spleen, and cLN were either unaffected (in 5×FAD mice even when followed for 4, 7, and 12 months) or upregulated (in 3×TgAD and APP/PS1 mice). Here, PSEN1 is linked to Alzheimer disease.