IL18 and heart failure: It is also worth noting that the caspase-1 downstream inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β and IL-18, accelerate the transition from cardiac remodeling to heart failure (Sano et al., 2018; Xiao et al., 2018) and thus are expected to be potential drug targets for heart failure (Yoshida et al., 2014; Mocan et al., 2019).