TP53 and cholangiocarcinoma: Concerning liver flukes, a comparison between the mutation profiles between opisthorchiasis-associated CCA and non-opisthorchiasis-associated CCA reveals a significant higher number of mutations in p53, along with other somatic and epigenetic lesions, in the former compared to the latter (Jusakul et al., 2015; Jusakul et al., 2017).