INS and diabetes mellitus: Although environmental causes that drove this positive selection remain unknown, studies had identified variants associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, insulin secretion, body mass index, obesity, and adiposity, when admixture was considered (Dunn et al., 2006; Hayes et al., 2013; Goetz et al., 2014; Flores et al., 2016; Mehta et al., 2017).