TNF and B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: A study of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients reported that CD244 was highly expressed and acted as a marker of T cell exhaustion, in that it was associated with a significant reduction in T cell cytotoxicity and proliferation; however, the production of cytokines (IFN-γ and TNF-α) remained unchanged, so these researchers considered this a “pseudo-failure” of T cells due to continuous stimulation of low-affinity autoantigens (101).