Our present data showed that the JPYS formula caused an upregulation of Nrf2 and HO-1 expression and a decrease of Keap1 level, reflecting that the JPYS formula may contribute to restraining the combination between Nrf2 with Keap1, resulting in failure of proteolysis of Nrf2, and then provokes the activation of antioxidant defense systems in CKD rats. Here, HMOX1 is linked to chronic kidney disease.