Oral administration of probiotics, such as Lactobacillus, not only prevents atherosclerosis, but also regulates the expression of AMPK, SREBP1, ACC, ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), ATP-binding cassette transporter G1, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, and liver X receptor (LXR), factors that associate with lipid metabolism in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) (Zhao et al., 2019). Here, SREBF1 is linked to atherosclerosis.