PTGS2 and oral cavity carcinoma: In this study, the following hub genes were identified as being involved in lip and oral cavity carcinoma through network analysis: VEGFA, IL6, MAPK3, INS, TNF, MAPK8, MMP9, CXCL8, EGF, and PTGS2. In total, 472 gene-disease associations and 10 hub genes were identified and recognized as target biomarkers for lip and oral cavity carcinoma.