Mass spectrometry analysis revealed that treatment of BV with supernatant collected from IgE-activated hu PBCMCs significantly decreased the abundance of BV toxins, including the major allergens29,30 melittin (also known as Api m 4) and venom dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4, also known as Api m 5), as well as carboxypeptidase (also known as Api m 9) and vitellogenin (also known as Api m 12) (Figure 5E,F; Table S1). This evidence concerns the gene DPP4 and bacterial vaginosis.