NOS3 and gastric ulcer: Surprisingly, the expression of TNF- α was reduced and that of eNOS was elevated to a marked degree in the PLN-treated rats versus the PPE-treated rats, revealing a rapid and prominent effect of nanoparticles in promoting the healing of a gastric ulcer (p = 0.015 and p = 0.002; respectively) (Figures 12E, 13E).