The changes in the normal pattern of plasma insulin oscillations are an early marker of insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus and can be found in diabetic animal models, such as ob/ob mice (Ravier et al., 2002) and ZDF rats (Sturis et al., 1994), as well as in diabetic patients (Lang et al., 1981; Polonsky et al., 1988) and even their relatives (O’rahilly et al., 1988). Here, INS is linked to diabetes mellitus.