Similarly, polyGR interaction with nucleoli has been shown to lead to nucleolar swelling, nucleophosmin translocation to the nucleus, and reduced levels of 18S rRNA and 28S rRNA in cellular and Drosophila models of ALS as well as in ALS patient tissue (Kwon et al., 2014; Mizielinska et al., 2014; Tao et al., 2015). The gene discussed is NPM1; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.