Previous studies suggest miRNAs targeting amyloid precursor protein (APP) or BACE1 expression affect AD pathogenic pathways and alter the risk and/or progression of the disease (Hébert et al., 2008; Wang et al., 2008; Boissonneault et al., 2009; De Smaele et al., 2010). This evidence concerns the gene BACE1 and Alzheimer disease.