It is important to remarque that the neuroprotective effects of caffeine, associated to A2A adenosine receptor inhibition, have been observed also in Parkinson’s disease, where much work has been carried out to demonstrate safety of the first A2A adenosine receptor antagonist, istradefylline, recently launched as a new drug for this pathology in Japan (Nouriast) and in the United States (Nourianz) (Borea et al., 2016, Borea et al., 2017; Chen and Cunha, 2020). The gene discussed is ADORA2A; the disease is Parkinson disease.