First, the fact that human PAC1R transgene mainly localized in auditory neurons suggests that some of the protective effects of PACAP observed in TgHPAC1R mice might be mediated by these receptors at the sensory neuron level, acting as a stress response peptide that is necessary for protection against different insults, as demonstrated in ethanol- or oxidative-insulted cerebellar neurons (Vaudry et al., 2005) and NMDA-induced retinal damage (Endo et al., 2011). The gene discussed is ADCYAP1R1; the disease is retinitis.