HMCN1 and gastric cancer: To search for the most relevant compounds that could generate the RNA expression pattern induced by mutation of LRP1B within STAD, we input 65 significantly upregulated genes induced by the mutational combinations including LRP1B with or without PIK3CA + HMCN1 as the marginal factor (Fig. 4a, Supplementary Table 5) into the CMap database, screened 47,6252 different genetic targets and treatments across different cell lines, and identified 125 items for the stomach cancer cell line AGS, in which these compounds with connectivity scores less than − 0.3 were considered a match.