The mammalian studies employed three different mTOR inhibitors, including the ATP competitive inhibitors Ku-0063794 and Torin1, and an allosteric inhibitor, Rapamycin on HEK293, and both normal and TSC−/− MEFs and Raptor and Rictor-deficient MEFs alongside the mapping of the response of MCF7 breast cancer cells to ammonia and rapamycin [28]. Here, RPTOR is linked to breast cancer.