HBB and sickle cell disease: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited group of disorders characterized by the presence of hemoglobin S (HbS), either from homozygosity for the sickle mutation in the beta globin chain of hemoglobin (HbSS) or from compound heterozygosity of a sickle beta globin mutation with another beta globin mutation (e.g., sickle‐beta thalassemia).