LRRK2 and Parkinson disease: Additionally, the allelic and genotypic frequencies for LRRK2 p.(Ala419Val) did not statistically differ between PD cases and controls in Kazakhstan (odds ratio – 1.5, 95% CI: 0.4941–4.5463, p=0.4), suggesting that this variant is less likely to be a genetic susceptibility variant for PD in Central Asia (Kaiyrzhanov et al., 2020).