In a recent paper, Valerie Vouret-Craviari and coworkers show that controlled activation of the P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) inhibits growth of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), promotes tumor regression in association with anti-PD-1 antibodies, and confers long-lasting CD8+ lymphocyte-mediated immunity [1]. The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.