GFRA1 depletion inhibited the proliferation, DXR resistance, and autophagy of osteosarcoma cells, and the addition of anti-miR-381-3p counteracted the suppressive effects caused by GFRA1 depletion, suggesting that GFRA1 was a downstream functional target gene of miR-381-3p in osteosarcoma cells. The gene discussed is GFRA1; the disease is osteosarcoma.